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Emil Bessels : ウィキペディア英語版
Emil Bessels

Dr. Emil Bessels (2 June 1846 – 30 March 1888) was a German Jewish physician and Arctic explorer. Born in Heidelberg, Germany, he studied medicine and natural sciences in his home town and at the university of Jena. Bessels spent much of his scientific career working for the Smithsonian Institution. He took part in several Arctic expeditions, during the course of one of which he came under suspicion of murdering American explorer Charles Francis Hall.
==First Arctic Expedition==

In 1869, on suggestion from August Petermann, he joined an expedition to the Arctic Sea with the aim to investigate the islands of Spitzbergen and Novaya Zemlya and survey the ocean in their vicinity. Because of adverse ice conditions, only the first destination could be reached. During the course of the expedition, hydrographical measurements were performed and the climatological influence of the Gulf Stream on the eastern coast of Spitzbergen was demonstrated. After returning to his home country in 1870, he joined the German army as a surgeon in time for the Franco-Prussian war. For his military service he received a public commendation from the Grand Duke of Baden.

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